Emergency states in internal medicine for independent work of students: educational and methodical manual

Abstract

The textbook presents essential information on the most common emergency conditions encountered in internal medicine practice. It provides a structured overview of clinical manifestations, diagnostic features, and treatment approaches to urgent states. Special sections are devoted to the management of hypertensive crises, sudden cardiac arrest, acute left ventricular failure, respiratory insufficiency, various types of bleeding, and acute renal failure. Emphasis is placed on current clinical guidelines and evidence-based strategies for delivering timely and effective emergency care. This resource is intended for medical students, interns, and healthcare professionals involved in emergency and internal medicine.