Detection of bacteria by electrical impedance spectroscopy.

Abstract

The detection of bacteria is crucial in various fields, including healthcare, food safety and environmental monitoring. Rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is essential for public health and safety. Traditional bacterial detection methods often involve time-consuming sample preparation steps and complex analyses. Over the past decade, advancements in bacterial monitoring have led to the development of innovative, label-free methods that allow real-time bacterial detection. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has emerged as a valuable technique for studying biological samples in suspension, as it characterizes the properties of these samples by measuring changes in electrical impedance. EIS leverages the electrical properties of bacterial cells to detect and characterize them based on impedance changes. The aim of the study. In this research, we propose a method for the direct detection of E. coli and S. aureus on interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensors using immobilization-free impedance spectroscopy.