Mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in the development of pathological processes and diseases

Abstract

Mitochondria play a central role in cellular metabolism, performing several vital functions, including energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation, regulation of apoptosis, involvement in lipid, protein, and amino acid metabolism, as well as maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis. The process of energy synthesis is accompanied by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can affect the structure and function of cells, leading to serious health consequences and contributing to the development of various pathological processes and diseases. The aim of the study. To investigate the causes and consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of diseases.