Diabetes has been a significant social problem, since it leads both to disability and mortality. The experiment involved 32 sexually mature nonlinear males of white rats. Experimental groups of animals were administered a single streptozotocin dose of 70 mg/ kg intraperitoneally and NADP — 30 mg/kg. The animals in the experimental groups were slaughtered and studied on the 11th, 21st and 31st days after streptozotocin administration. The studies have shown that, along with the development of proteinuria, kidney damage is manifested by the primary increase in glomerular filtration rate and changes in diuresis in experimental animals. Conclusion. The primary possible mechanisms of the development of diabetic nephropathy are the disorders in glycosylation processes, overload of functioning nephrons with protein, and increasing energy expenditure in the proximal and distal parts of the nephron.