Correlation between cognitive disorders in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus and biochemical markers of oxidative stress

Abstract

Abstract. In recent decades, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has risen due to population aging. T2D is closely linked to nervous system pathology, with metabolic disorders affecting biochemical pathways crucial for neural function and cognitive processes. Scientific evidence indicates that patients with T2D exhibit increased brain GABA levels, correlating with cognitive impairment. This study aimed to examine the relationship between cognitive disorders, oxidative stress markers in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, and the modulation of GABA receptors by carbacetam. Experiments were conducted on male albino rats, with T2D induced by streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) and a high-fat, high-fructose diet. Carbacetam (5 mg/kg) was administered for 14 days. Findings revealed significant correlations between cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress, highlighting the need for novel neurodegenerative treatment strategies. These results provide an experimental basis for future clinical research on carbacetam as a potential therapeutic agent for T2D-related cognitive decline.