New trends in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (literature review)

Abstract

Abstract. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation that causes the destruction of cartilage and bone, ultimately leading to disability, disability, loss of function, reduced quality of life, and reduced life expectancy. Statistical data show that every fifth patient who seeks medical help from a doctor has a joint syndrome of various degrees of damage. Modern treatment options for patients with rheumatoid arthritis are mostly based on a compromise between the severity of the disease, prognostic factors, the proven effectiveness of the drug and the risk of developing side effects. At the moment, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which can be combined with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticosteroids, are quite often used. DMARDs are divided into synthetic (methotrexate), targeted synthetic DMARDs (Janus kinase inhibitor) and biological DMARDs. Although a wide range of biologic DMARDs are available today, their comparative effectiveness remains uncertain.