Association of BCL-2 (RS17759659), CTLA-4 (RS231775), APO-1 / FAS (RS2234767) genes polymorphisms with activity of proliferation and apoptosis in thyroid tissue of patients with nodular forms of goiter combined with autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid adenoma

Abstract

Multinodular goiter (MNG) is the most common of all the disorders of the thyroid gland. MNG is the result of the genetic heterogeneity of follicular cells and apparent acquisition of new cellular qualities that become inheritable. Nodular goiter is most often detected simply as a mass in the neck, but sometimes the enlarging gland produces pressure symptoms. However, the sufficient researches based on the use of immunohistochemical and genetic markers for early detection and prevention of nodular goiter with autoimmune thyroiditis (NGAIT) and thyroid adenoma (TA) in population are insufficient. The role of autoimmune reactions in this process has not been studied well and require further basic research assessing the markers of apoptosis regulation (protein р53, Bcl-2, Fas-system) and proliferation (protein Ki-67), as well as their relationship with polymorphism of apoptosis associated genes.