Endothelial dysfunction as a factor in the progression of chronic cholecystitis in patients with coronary heart disease

Abstract

Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with accelerated development of atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. As the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as an inflammatory process, the similarity between atherosclerosis and systemic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, including chronic cholecystitis, has become a topic of current interest to many researchers. Endothelial dysfunction is a key step in the initiation and acceleration of atherosclerosis and may serve as a marker for future risk of cardiovascular events. In patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, endothelial dysfunction is often detected in the early stages of the disease. Thus, the mechanisms linking systemic inflammatory diseases and atherosclerosis can be best understood based on the study of numerous markers of endothelial dysfunction that directly or indirectly activate endothelial cells, leading to impaired vascular relaxation, increased leukocyte adhesion, increased endothelial permeability and generation of a pro-thrombotic state.