Peculitaries of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome depending on C/Т polymоrphism in the DIO 1 gene

Abstract

According to the WHO, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is 20–40 %. Thyroid hormones are involved in the regulation of almost all physiological processes in the body, including carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of the research was to study the dependence of carbohydrate metabolism on C/T polymorphism in the DIO 1 gene in patients with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. The C/T polymorphism in the DIO1 gene was studied in 102 patients and 97 healthy subjects. To assess the dependence of carbohydrate metabolism on the C/T polymorphism in the DIO 1 gene, the following groups has been formed: 19 patients with CC genotype, 69 individuals – with CT and 14 ones – with TT genotypes. Results. Disorders of distribution of genotype frequencies contributed by the reduction of CC genotype frequency was revealed in the group of enrolled patients comparing to the control group (χ2 = 6.8, P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the frequencies of CT and TT genotypes in the main and control groups (χ2 = 2.4, P > 0.05 and χ2 = 1.2, P > 0.05). Taking into account that the difference in genotypes frequencies occurs mainly due to a decrease in the number of patients homozygous for C allele, it can be assumed that the C allele has protective properties against deiodinase 1 activity reduction, that indicates the assotiation of C/T polymorphism in the DIO1 gene with the development of thyroid hormone disturbances in the patients with metabolic syndrome as compared to the control group. Elevation of HOMA-IR index was established in patients with TT genotype. Insulin resistance develops in the carriers of T allele, that causes disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions. Presence of the T allele in genotype is associated with HOMA-IR index elevation as a consequence of the triiodothyronine level reduction and further development of insulin resistance.