Melatonin ameliorates rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury in rats

Abstract

Rhabdomyolysis is the disruption of skeletal muscle integrity leading to the leakage of muscle cell contents, including electrolytes, myoglobin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and other intracellular contents into the circulation. Rhabdomyolysis can be caused by different physical or chemical damages such as direct traumatic injury, physical exertion or prolonged bed rest, muscle ischemia, infections, electrolyte and metabolic disorders, genetic disorders, toxins and drugs, as well as temperature-induced states such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant hyperthermia. AKI is the most common systemic life-threatening complication of severe rhabdomyolysis, which occurs at an incidence ranging between 10 and 55% and is associated with a poor outcome and high mortality.